In the past, testing for lymphoedema was very difficult but nowadays there are plenty of ways that doctors or other health professionals can test for lymphoedema.
1. Check symptoms and medical history
Doctors will first examine your symptoms and review your medical history, examining the affected body part.
2. Measuring limb volume
Tests to calculate the volume of an affected limb may include:
- A tape measure to measure the circumference of the limb at certain intervals
- Water displacement — where you place the affected limb in a tank of water and the amount displaced is measured
- Perometry — infrared light is used to measure the outline of an affected limb and calculate its volume
3. Bioimpedance testing
During a bioimpedance test, electrodes (small metallic discs) are placed on different parts of your body. The electrodes release a small and painless electric charge that is measured using a handheld device. Changes in the strength of the current can indicate the presence of fluid in your tissue.
Imaging tests
Imaging tests may also be used to help diagnose and monitor lymphoedema:
- Lymphoscintigraph — you are injected with a radioactive dye that can be tracked using a special scanner; this shows how the dye moves through your lymphatic system
- MRI scan — uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to produce detailed images of the inside of your body
- Ultrasound scan — uses high-frequency sound waves to create an image of the inside of your body
- CT scan — uses X-rays and a computer to create detailed images of the lymph nodes